[MR vaccination in pregnancy and its subsequent complications]

MR vaccination is prohibited among pregnant women, therefore pregnancy is recommended three months after vaccination. On the other hand, pregnant women acquiring these diseases face unwanted complications. We tried to determine the frequency of congenital disorders in the newborns of the vaccinated pregnant women under 25 years in Mazandaran province. This historical cohort study was done by consent method on 1031 cases throughout Mazandaran province. 406 cases out of the population were vaccinated without prior information about their pregnancy. The data were collected by questionnaires through referring to their healthcare files and telephone contacts just to make sure about their vaccination conditions. The data obtained from these cases along with the data from 493 pregnant women who were not vaccinated during the years 2002-2003 were statistically analyzed. Pregnancy complications were observed in 58 [6.5%] subjects; 24 [41.38%] in the control group and 34 [58.62%] in the case group. The rate of complications in the subjects under the study was as follows: premature delivery in 27 [46.57%] subjects; 8 [29.62%] in the control group and 19 [70.38%] in the case group; weight under 2500 gram at birth in 19 [32.75%] subjects; 12 [63.16%] in the control group and 7 [36.84%] in the case group; still birth in 6 [10.34%] subjects 1 [16.67%] in the control group and 5 [83.33%] in the case group; abortion in 6 subjects [10.34%]; 2 [23.33%] in the control group and 4 in [66.67%] in the case group. Only one person in the control group had intra uterine growth retardation. No significant pregnancy complication difference was observed between the case and the control groups in this study [P>0.05] Results of this study and the related researches indicate that though MR vaccination during pregnancy is safe, the randomly performed vaccination of pregnant women, should be advised and the followed up for the probable unwanted complications

[ effective method for postering thinking dispositions of learners]

Assessment of learners' performance is an important factors in teaching-learning process. When a factor is sensitive and has high influence on life, their assessment should be done precisely. Thinking dispositions are very important factors in medical education because of its specific condition. In this study a model is designed for fostering thinking dispositions of learners in which authentic assessment is an important element. Objective based research is developmental, and such a model was not designed for curricula. Data collection and comparing approaches about assessment and analyzing current assessments offered applied proposals. Based on research findings, the current assessments are response-based, that is students instead of product of response, only offers the specific response which the teachers expects; but authentic assessment is a form of assessment in which students are asked to perform real-word tasks that demonstrate meaningful application of essential knowledge and skills. Because of the difficulties and unexpected problems in life and individuals needs to lifelong learning and conditions in medical course that require decision making in specific times, we must pay attention to reach thinking dispositions and it should be included in curriculum. Authentic assessment as an important aspect of curriculum can help fostering thinking dispositions of learners. Using this kind of assessments which focus on application of information and skills to solve real-word tasks have more important role in medical courses